Most vets don’t have payment plans — but most vets accept financing that works exactly like one. Knowing the difference, knowing which options carry real risk, and knowing the 30 programs available to you right now is what this guide is actually for. The help exists. Most people find it one crisis too late.
The phrase “vets that offer payment plans” carries a specific expectation — that the clinic handles the financing itself, extends you credit from their own funds, and collects monthly payments. That is almost never what actually happens. Understanding the real landscape before you call around saves time, prevents disappointment, and gets your pet care faster.
Most veterinary practices don’t extend in-house credit — the risk of non-payment falls entirely on them, and most are small businesses that can’t absorb that exposure. What they do instead is partner with third-party financing companies that approve clients on the spot, pay the clinic in full immediately, and then collect monthly payments from you. The clinic gets paid. You get a payment plan. The financing company takes the repayment risk. From your perspective this functions identically to a payment plan — you pay a fixed amount each month rather than a lump sum on the day of service. From a legal and financial standpoint, you’re borrowing money from a lender, not paying your vet over time. That distinction matters, specifically because some of these products carry serious interest risks that in-house plans typically don’t.
Not all “0% financing” is the same. Products like CareCredit use a model called deferred interest — if you don’t pay the entire balance before the promotional period ends, you’re charged interest retroactively on the original amount, often at 26.99–32.99% APR. The CFPB found that roughly 1 in 5 users of deferred-interest medical financing products end up paying those retroactive charges. Newer alternatives like Cherry and Sunbit offer true 0% APR — if you qualify, interest is genuinely waived, not deferred. Before signing any financing document, ask specifically: “Is this deferred interest or true 0% APR?” The answer changes which product is right for your situation.
These come from pet owners in the clinic parking lot, on the phone with customer service, or sitting at home with an estimate they don’t know how to handle. Plain answers, no filler.
1 How do I find a vet near me that offers payment plans? Call any vet and ask: “Do you accept CareCredit or Scratchpay?” Most do. A vet that accepts either is effectively offering a payment plan. You can also search carecredit.com/find-care or scratchpay.com for participating providers near your ZIP code. ▼
2 What if I’m denied for CareCredit or Scratchpay? Apply to Cherry or Sunbit — both use different approval criteria and tend to approve more applicants than CareCredit. Cherry approves roughly 80%+ of applicants for at least one plan. If all financing is denied, go directly to asking the clinic about an in-house hardship arrangement and simultaneously applying to grant programs. ▼
3 What’s the exact right thing to say when asking a vet for a payment plan? Ask for the office manager — not the front desk — and say: “I want my pet to receive care but I’m experiencing financial hardship. Do you have an internal hardship fund or a payment arrangement I can apply for?” Mentioning any government benefits you receive (SNAP, Medicaid, SSI) can help establish need quickly. ▼
4 My dog needs emergency care tonight. What do I do about the bill right now? Tell the emergency vet about your financial situation before any procedure beyond stabilization begins. Apply for Scratchpay or Cherry on your phone in the waiting room — both give instant approval decisions. RedRover Relief (redrover.org) processes grant applications in 1–2 business days and can be started on your phone while waiting. ▼
5 Is CareCredit actually a good deal, or are there traps? CareCredit is useful if you pay the full balance before the promotional period ends — the 0% interest benefit is real. If you don’t pay in full by the deadline, you’re charged retroactive interest at 26.99–32.99% APR on the original amount. One in five users ends up paying those retroactive charges. True-0% alternatives like Cherry avoid this risk entirely. ▼
6 Are there payment plan options that don’t require any credit check at all? Yes — VetBilling and Varidi both offer options with no credit check. VetBilling is managed by the veterinary practice itself and uses the clinic as the lender. Varidi similarly requires no credit check. The trade-off is that availability depends entirely on whether your specific vet uses these platforms. ▼
7 What are the best low-cost vet alternatives if I can’t afford a regular private vet? Veterinary teaching hospitals (30–50% below private rates, in every state), local humane society and SPCA clinics (sliding scale or flat-fee), Banfield Pet Hospital wellness plans for preventive care, and nonprofit clinics like Emancipet in Texas. Find options near you by calling 2-1-1 from any phone. ▼
8 I received a vet bill I already can’t pay. What do I do now? Call the clinic’s billing department, ask for the office manager, and request a reduced settlement or payment plan. Most practices accept 60–80 cents on the dollar rather than sending a bill to collections. Apply for CareCredit or Scratchpay on existing balances — both work after the fact. Bow Wow Buddies Foundation accepts retroactive applications up to 30 days after a procedure. ▼
These are the products that most vets mean when they say they “offer payment plans.” They’re independent lenders or financing companies that partner with veterinary practices. Your vet gets paid in full. You repay the lender monthly. Understanding the differences between them is the most important financial literacy a pet owner can have.
CareCredit is the most recognized financing product in veterinary medicine — accepted at approximately 75% of U.S. vet clinics and nearly all major emergency and specialty hospitals. It works as a revolving healthcare credit card that can be used again at any participating provider, which makes it valuable for pet owners with ongoing medical needs. Promotional 0% financing periods typically run 6–24 months. Critical warning: this is a deferred-interest product. If you don’t pay the full balance before the promotional period expires, you’re charged interest retroactively at 26.99–32.99% APR on the original amount, not just the remaining balance. Always pay manually, not through the app’s autopay minimum. Standard post-promo APR: 32.99%.
Scratchpay is the most vet-specific financing product on the market and expanded to over 17,000 partner clinics. Unlike CareCredit (a revolving card), Scratchpay provides a one-time installment loan tied to a specific visit — each new bill requires a new application. The upside is fixed monthly payments with a clear payoff date and no revolving debt. Approval uses only a soft credit pull — it won’t affect your score just to check. Maximum loan amount is $10,000; terms run up to 24 months. Loans are issued through WebBank (FDIC member). Promotional 0% plans exist but carry similar deferred-interest risk to CareCredit if the balance isn’t paid within the window — read the terms before accepting any promotional plan. Standard plans have explicit interest rates from the start with no retroactive surprise.
Cherry is the financing product that independent veterinary industry analysis consistently recommends as the strongest alternative to CareCredit for practices and clients in 2026. The key differentiator: Cherry offers true 0% APR — not deferred interest. If you qualify for a 0% plan and pay it off within the window, no interest is ever charged under any circumstances. The approval rate is approximately 80%+ for standard plans and around 90% for the shorter Pay-in-4 option. Loan amounts go up to $35,000 — well above Scratchpay’s $10,000 ceiling — making it suitable for major surgeries, cancer treatment, and orthopedic procedures. Application takes about 60 seconds with a soft credit check that doesn’t affect your score. Growing veterinary network in 2026.
Sunbit originated in automotive financing before expanding into healthcare, including veterinary services. It uses a broader set of approval criteria than standard credit-score-based lenders, which can make it accessible to pet owners with credit profiles that other products decline. Terms tend to be shorter (6–24 months) and loan amounts moderate. Sunbit is not as widely used in veterinary practices as CareCredit or Scratchpay, but its growing presence and flexible approval model make it worth asking about — especially for applicants who have been declined elsewhere. Ask your clinic specifically whether they accept Sunbit before applying.
Affirm expanded from online retail into healthcare financing including veterinary services. It offers fixed monthly installments at clearly stated APRs — no deferred interest model, no revolving balance. The rate you’re offered depends on creditworthiness; Affirm shows the total interest cost in dollars before you accept, which removes a common source of billing surprise. Affirm’s veterinary network is smaller than CareCredit or Scratchpay but growing, particularly through integration with practice management software. Ask your clinic specifically whether they accept Affirm, or search at affirm.com.
The All Pet Card is a credit product designed specifically for pet healthcare costs — similar to CareCredit but limited to pet-related expenditures. It functions as a revolving credit account that can be used repeatedly at participating veterinary providers. For pet owners with multiple animals or chronic-condition pets who anticipate recurring veterinary expenses, a revolving pet-specific card avoids the need to apply for a new loan at each visit. Check participating providers and apply at allpetcard.com.
True in-house payment plans — where the veterinary practice extends you credit from its own funds — are less common because the clinic bears the financial risk of non-payment. When they do exist, they’re rarely advertised. The tools that make in-house plans possible for practices are worth knowing about, both so you can ask intelligently and so you can refer your vet to resources they may not know about.
VetBilling provides the infrastructure for veterinary practices to offer their own in-house payment plans — no third-party lender, no credit check, no minimum credit score. The practice sets the terms; VetBilling handles billing management, electronic contract execution, and collection follow-up. Clients sign a payment agreement digitally (including a “selfie” ID verification step), and the clinic charges monthly installments directly. No interest is required, though practices can set their own terms. This is the only mainstream platform where no credit check is involved. It’s only available at practices that have enrolled. Ask your vet: “Do you use VetBilling?” If not, ask whether they’d be willing to set up a custom in-house arrangement directly.
Varidi is a financing platform specifically designed to offer installment plans without a credit check — making care accessible to pet owners who are unbanked, have no credit history, or have been declined by every standard lender. Like VetBilling, it operates through a partnership with the veterinary practice. A 2025 prospective observational study published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science found that no-credit-check third-party managed installment financing meaningfully increased veterinary care access for clients who would otherwise have been unable to proceed with treatment. Ask your clinic whether they work with Varidi.
Many veterinary practices quietly maintain charitable funds — sometimes called Good Samaritan funds, hardship funds, or simply donations from other grateful clients — that are never advertised anywhere and are only accessed by asking directly. These aren’t loans, they’re partial bill reductions for clients in genuine financial hardship. Separately, most practices will work out a direct payment schedule for established clients who ask — weekly payments of $50 or $100, a six-month installment calendar, or a partial payment settlement on outstanding balances. Ask specifically for the office manager and use the words “hardship fund” and “payment arrangement.” A PetSmart Charities–Gallup study found that only 23% of pet owners were ever offered a payment plan — which means the other 77% weren’t offered one because they didn’t ask.
National veterinary chains and corporate-owned clinic networks offer structured monthly payment programs for preventive care — these aren’t loans, they’re prepayment plans that spread routine care costs over 12 months. They don’t cover emergencies but can eliminate the financial shock of annual wellness appointments.
Banfield’s Optimum Wellness Plans are the most widely known monthly-payment veterinary program in the country — available at over 1,000 Banfield locations inside PetSmart stores nationwide. Plans cover annual exams, vaccinations, diagnostic testing, fecal exams, dental cleanings (on some tiers), and 5–15% discounts on other Banfield services. Monthly costs vary by plan tier and your dog’s or cat’s life stage. Important limitations: OWPs cover preventive care only — they do not cover emergency visits, illnesses, or injuries. Plans are only usable at Banfield locations. You pay monthly regardless of whether you use services in a given month. For pet owners whose primary concern is routine care costs, OWPs are a legitimate budgeting tool. For emergency coverage, pet insurance or a financing plan is needed separately.
VCA Animal Hospitals — now part of Mars Veterinary Health — operates over 1,000 locations nationwide and accepts CareCredit and Scratchpay as financing at most sites. VCA also offers its own Care Club wellness plan, which bundles preventive services into a monthly payment similar to Banfield’s OWP model. The network’s size means there’s almost certainly a VCA near you — and many accept multiple financing products simultaneously, giving you more flexibility than a single-option clinic. Call the specific VCA location you’d visit to confirm which financing they currently accept.
Thrive Affordable Vet Care operates on a low-cost membership model in the Southeast and parts of the South. Monthly membership fees give access to significantly discounted services including exams, vaccines, lab work, and other standard care. The membership model functions as a form of payment plan by spreading costs into predictable monthly amounts rather than per-visit lump sums. Many Thrive locations also accept CareCredit for services beyond what the membership covers. Find locations and current membership pricing at thrivevetcare.com.
Sometimes the goal isn’t finding a way to pay a $3,000 bill — it’s finding a vet who charges $300 for the same service. Low-cost clinics, teaching hospitals, and humane society programs exist specifically to make care affordable without requiring any financing at all.
Every state has at least one AVMA-accredited veterinary college operating a teaching hospital open to the general public. Procedures are performed by veterinary students and residents under direct supervision of board-certified faculty specialists — the same caliber of specialist you’d see at a private referral center. Costs run 30–50% below private specialty rates. For routine care, emergency treatment, surgery, imaging, and oncology, teaching hospitals represent the most consistent source of lower-cost care without any financing required. Find all 31 institutions at avma.org/education/accredited-veterinary-colleges — call the community medicine or general practice department for routine care, and the appropriate specialty department for referred cases.
The ASPCA operates and funds community veterinary clinics in select cities, offering free or significantly reduced-cost spay/neuter, vaccines, microchipping, and basic wellness services. The national low-cost spay/neuter database at aspca.org/pet-care/general-pet-care/low-cost-spayneuter-programs is searchable by ZIP code. No income verification is required at many ASPCA-affiliated programs. For pet owners in major cities where ASPCA directly operates, the cost difference versus private practice for routine services can be $100–$300 per visit. Call your local ASPCA chapter or search aspca.org to find current programs in your area.
Most local humane society and SPCA organizations run periodic low-cost clinic events — vaccines, microchipping, spay/neuter, and basic exams at 40–70% below private practice rates. Many also maintain internal hardship or emergency assistance funds for pet owners facing genuine crisis. The most underused ask: call your nearest humane society and say “Do you have an emergency assistance fund for pet owners who cannot afford veterinary care?” Many do — the fund exists for exactly this situation but is never posted on their website. Call your local chapter rather than the national organization, as programs vary enormously by location. Find your local humane society chapter at humanesociety.org/resources.
Emancipet operates nonprofit veterinary clinics in Texas and expanding states, using a sliding-scale fee structure based on income. No client is turned away for inability to pay — the clinic works with each pet owner individually. Services include wellness exams, vaccines, dental cleanings, spay/neuter, and basic primary care at rates calibrated for families at or below 200% of the federal poverty level. For pet owners in Texas especially, Emancipet is one of the best options for genuinely affordable ongoing care without requiring any financing arrangement. Find current locations at emancipet.org.
SpayUSA maintains a searchable national directory of free and low-cost spay/neuter programs searchable by ZIP code. Many participating clinics offer free services for pets belonging to households receiving SNAP, Medicaid, or SSI — bringing proof of benefits enrollment eliminates the cost entirely at those locations. The network also helps with other basic services at reduced rates at some member clinics. Search at spayusa.org or call 1-800-248-7729 for referrals.
Dialing 2-1-1 from any phone connects you free to a live operator with real-time, locally updated information on pet assistance programs, emergency vet resources, financial assistance, and low-cost clinics that most people never discover through internet searching. Operators maintain community program databases updated weekly by social service agencies. Tell the operator you need help affording veterinary care and give your ZIP code — they’ll tell you what’s available within driving distance, including programs and local funds that have no internet presence. This is especially valuable for pet owners in rural areas or those without reliable internet access.
Grant programs pay your veterinary clinic directly — you never handle the money. Apply to all applicable programs simultaneously on the same day. Sequential applications waste time and miss funding windows. Most programs are not mutually exclusive.
Frankie’s Friends provides the largest individual emergency and specialty veterinary care grants available — up to $2,000, paid directly to the veterinary hospital. Income eligibility requires being at or below 250% of the Federal Poverty Level (approximately $73,000/year for a family of four). A veterinary diagnosis, treatment plan, and prognosis for quality-of-life recovery are all required. Apply before treatment when possible. Denial of third-party financing (CareCredit) is often required as part of the application. This is the first grant program to apply for — start here.
Bow Wow Buddies is a dog-specific grant program covering serious conditions and emergency veterinary care — not spay/neuter, dental cleanings, or preventive care. Grants up to $2,500 are reviewed on the 1st and 15th of each month. A critical feature: retroactive applications are accepted up to 30 days after a procedure, which means if your dog already received care and you’re managing the outstanding bill, you may still qualify. Rescue groups and shelters with dogs needing pre-adoption care are also eligible.
RedRover processes applications in 1–2 business days — faster than any other major grant program. Average grants run $150–$500, making it the best gap-filler alongside a larger grant or a financing plan. Income eligibility requires household income under $60,000 per year plus a life-threatening or urgent diagnosis. RedRover also offers Safe Escape Grants for pet owners fleeing domestic violence situations. Apply online only at redrover.org/relief. Apply to RedRover and Frankie’s Friends simultaneously on the same day — they run in parallel.
Brown Dog Foundation specifically serves families who were financially stable until a sudden crisis hit — job loss, a medical bill, another emergency — at the same moment their pet needed expensive care. It bridges the gap that remains after other grants and financing have been applied. The foundation pays veterinary providers directly. Document not just your current income but the specific circumstances that created the financial setback — the application is evaluated holistically.
Paws 4 A Cure provides up to $500 for any illness or injury in dogs and cats — no restrictions on diagnosis, breed, or age. Household income must be under $60,000 per year. The program explicitly encourages simultaneous applications to other programs and does not penalize applicants for seeking help from multiple sources. Online applications only at paws4acure.org. Works best as one piece of a multi-grant strategy stacked alongside larger programs.
Waggle routes 100% of all donated funds directly to the treating veterinary provider — unlike GoFundMe, which sends money to the owner’s account. This makes it credible to donors and to the clinic. A campaign takes about 20 minutes to set up. Launch a Waggle campaign the same day you apply for grants — the two funding streams reach entirely different pools of support. A well-described campaign with your pet’s photo typically generates meaningful donations from strangers within 48 hours. Visit waggle.org to start.
The Shakespeare Animal Fund pays veterinary bills directly for elderly individuals, disabled adults, and veterans at or near the federal poverty guideline — no repayment ever required. Income eligibility is generally under $35,000 per year with case-by-case exceptions. This is one of the few programs specifically designed for seniors and veterans on fixed incomes. Apply at shakespeareanimalfund.org or by phone.
The Pet Fund covers non-emergency, non-routine veterinary care for ongoing conditions — cancer, heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease — where recurring costs have become unmanageable. Maximum grant is $500. Apply at thepetfund.com. Allow 1–2 weeks processing time.
The Eldercare Locator connects older adults to local support including pet assistance. Operators know programs and local funds that most internet searches never surface. Free, confidential, available Monday–Friday 9am–8pm Eastern. Call and explain you’re struggling to afford veterinary care — the operator will find what’s available in your ZIP code.
Provides veterinary care grants specifically for veterans whose companion or service animals support mental health and PTSD recovery. For officially recognized service dogs, VA Form 10-2641 under Title 38 Section 1714 may also provide veterinary assistance through your nearest VA medical center.
The International Association of Assistance Dog Partners maintains an emergency veterinary fund for guide, hearing, and service dogs belonging to IAADP members. The application must be submitted by the veterinarian. Contact iaadp.org to verify membership and ask your vet to initiate.
Dialing 2-1-1 from any phone connects you free to a live operator with real-time, locally updated information on pet assistance programs, emergency vet resources, and low-cost clinics that most people never find through internet searches. Tell the operator your ZIP code and that you need help affording veterinary care. Available 24/7 in most states.
| Option | Amount / Terms | Credit | Speed | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CareCredit | 0% promo · 32.99% post | Hard check | Same day | Repeat care · existing card |
| Scratchpay | $200–$10K fixed | Soft check | Same day | Single visit · no score impact |
| Cherry | True 0% · up to $35K | Soft check | 60 seconds | Large bills · ~80% approval |
| Sunbit | Variable short terms | Flexible | Same day | When others decline |
| VetBilling / Varidi | Clinic sets terms | No check | At visit | No credit history |
| Internal hardship fund | Partial reduction | None | At visit | Ask at every visit |
| Teaching hospital | 30–50% below private | None | Days | Non-emergency · best value |
| Frankie’s Friends | Up to $2,000 off | None | 1–2 weeks | Emergency · start here |
| Bow Wow Buddies | Up to $2,500 off | None | 1st & 15th | Dogs · retroactive 30 days |
| RedRover Relief | $150–$500 off | None | 1–2 days | Fastest gap-filler |
| Shakespeare Fund | Full bill paid | None | 1–2 weeks | Seniors · veterans · disabled |
| Waggle crowdfunding | Donor-funded · 100% to vet | None | 20 min setup | Parallel to all other options |
| 2-1-1 helpline | Free referral | None | Immediate | Find local programs |
Tell the clinic immediately — before any procedure beyond stabilization. In the waiting room, apply for Cherry (withcherry.com) then Scratchpay (scratchpay.com) on your phone. Ask to speak with the office manager about an internal hardship fund before you leave. Start a Waggle campaign (waggle.org) the same night. Apply to RedRover Relief (redrover.org) before you go to sleep — 1–2 business day response, average $150–$500. Apply to Frankie’s Friends simultaneously. 94% of pet owners who considered surrendering kept their pet after receiving support — don’t give up before exhausting these options.
Apply to Cherry (withcherry.com) immediately — different approval criteria, ~80% approval rate, true 0% APR, up to $35,000. Then Sunbit if Cherry declines. Ask your clinic whether they use VetBilling or Varidi — both have no credit check. If all financing is declined, shift fully to the grant track: apply to Frankie’s Friends, Bow Wow Buddies, RedRover, and Paws 4 A Cure simultaneously. Ask the office manager about an internal hardship fund and direct payment arrangement regardless of what financing was declined.
Three parallel tracks: Call the billing department, ask for the office manager, request a reduced settlement or monthly payment plan. Apply for CareCredit or Scratchpay on the existing balance — both work post-procedure. If the bill is recent and involves a dog, apply to Bow Wow Buddies Foundation within 30 days (bowwowbuddies.com). Apply to Brown Dog Foundation (browndogfoundation.org) for the gap that remains. Practices accept 60–80 cents on the dollar regularly rather than send bills to collections — this negotiation conversation is free to have and often produces options not listed anywhere.
Call the Shakespeare Animal Fund at 775-342-7040 (pays vet bills directly for elderly individuals, no repayment) and the Eldercare Locator at 800-677-1116 (finds local programs others miss). Your nearest AVMA-accredited veterinary teaching hospital charges 30–50% less for every procedure — find yours at avma.org/education/accredited-veterinary-colleges. Banfield’s Optimum Wellness Plans spread preventive care into monthly payments of $30–$85 if routine care is the primary burden.
For officially recognized service dogs, contact your nearest VA medical center about Title 38, Section 1714 assistance — you’ll need VA Form 10-2641. For companion animals supporting PTSD recovery, contact Onyx & Breezy Foundation at onyxandbreezy.org. IAADP members with guide or hearing dogs should ask their vet to contact iaadp.org. Shakespeare Animal Fund (775-342-7040) lists veterans as a priority population. All general grant programs — Frankie’s Friends, RedRover, Paws 4 A Cure — also cover veterans.
Before any non-emergency procedure, ask for the office manager and say: “I’m experiencing financial hardship. Do you have an internal hardship fund, and can we set up a payment plan for whatever financing doesn’t cover?” Only 23% of pet owners are ever offered a payment plan. The other 77% don’t know to ask. This conversation costs nothing and is the highest-value action available to any pet owner in financial difficulty.
Cherry (withcherry.com) takes 60 seconds, uses a soft credit check, approves approximately 80% of applicants, and offers true 0% APR up to $35,000. Scratchpay (scratchpay.com) uses a soft check and provides $200–$10,000 in instant loans. Apply to both — they use different criteria. If CareCredit is already in your wallet and the clinic accepts it, use it — but set up manual payments immediately to avoid retroactive interest charges if you use a promotional period.
Open these simultaneously: frankiesfriends.org (up to $2,000), bowwowbuddies.com/apply (dogs, up to $2,500, retroactive 30 days), redrover.org/relief (fastest, $150–$500), paws4acure.org (up to $500), browndogfoundation.org (bridges remaining gap). Have proof of income, vet diagnosis, and cost estimate ready. Apply to all in one session — grant funds run out mid-cycle; sequential applications waste the window.
Go to waggle.org, set up a campaign in 20 minutes, include your pet’s photo and an honest description of their situation. Waggle sends 100% of donations directly to your vet — making it credible to donors and to the clinic. Share across personal networks, neighborhood groups, and pet-owner communities. This reaches a funding pool that is entirely separate from grants and financing. Campaigns regularly generate $500–$2,000 from strangers within 48 hours.
Free from any phone, available 24/7 in most states. Tell the operator your ZIP code and that you need help affording veterinary care. Operators maintain databases of local programs — low-cost clinics, emergency funds, humane society assistance — that have no internet presence. This single call regularly surfaces options that months of searching didn’t find. If you’re a senior, also call the Eldercare Locator at 800-677-1116 for senior-specific programs in your county.
This guide is an independent informational resource and is not affiliated with, compensated by, or endorsed by any financing company, veterinary practice, grant program, or organization listed. Program details, interest rates, approval criteria, grant availability, and income thresholds change frequently — always verify current terms directly with each organization before signing any agreement. Financing products are credit products; read all terms before accepting, particularly regarding promotional periods and deferred interest. Statistics cited from BLS, ASPCA, PetSmart Charities–Gallup, and Frontiers in Veterinary Science are the most recently available published figures. This content is original and does not reproduce material from any third-party source.